Action Dispatch `Response`

Represents an HTTP response generated by a controller action. Use it to retrieve the current state of the response, or customize the response. It can either represent a real HTTP response (i.e. one that is meant to be sent back to the web browser) or a TestResponse (i.e. one that is generated from integration tests).

The Response object for the current request is exposed on controllers as ActionController::Metal#response. ActionController::Metal also provides a few additional methods that delegate to attributes of the Response such as ActionController::Metal#headers.

Integration tests will likely also want to inspect responses in more detail. Methods such as Integration::RequestHelpers#get and Integration::RequestHelpers#post return instances of TestResponse (which inherits from Response) for this purpose.

For example, the following demo integration test prints the body of the controller response to the console:

class DemoControllerTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest
  def test_print_root_path_to_console
    get('/')
    puts response.body
  end
end

Namespace

Class

ActionDispatch::Response::RackBody

Methods

abort
await_commit
await_sent
body
body=
body_parts
charset
charset=
close
code
commit!
committed?
content_type
content_type=
cookies
create
delete_header
each
get_header
has_header?
location
location=
media_type
merge_default_headers
message
new
prepare!
redirect_url
reset_body!
response_code
send_file
sending!
sending?
sending_file=
sent!
sent?
set_header
status=
status_message
to_a
write

Included Modules

Constants

CONTENT_TYPE	=	"Content-Type"
ContentTypeHeader	=	Struct.new :mime_type, :charset
Header	=	Headers
	To be deprecated:
Headers	=	::Rack::Headers
NO_CONTENT_CODES	=	[100, 101, 102, 103, 204, 205, 304]
NullContentTypeHeader	=	ContentTypeHeader.new nil, nil
SET_COOKIE	=	"Set-Cookie"

Attributes

[R]	header	The headers for the response. `header["Content-Type"] # => "text/plain" header["Content-Type"] = "application/json" header["Content-Type"] # => "application/json"` Also aliased as `headers`. `headers["Content-Type"] # => "text/plain" headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json" headers["Content-Type"] # => "application/json"` Also aliased as `header` for compatibility.
[R]	headers	The headers for the response. `header["Content-Type"] # => "text/plain" header["Content-Type"] = "application/json" header["Content-Type"] # => "application/json"` Also aliased as `headers`. `headers["Content-Type"] # => "text/plain" headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json" headers["Content-Type"] # => "application/json"` Also aliased as `header` for compatibility.
[RW]	request	The request that the response is responding to.
[R]	status	The HTTP status code.
[R]	stream	The underlying body, as a streamable object.

Class Public methods

create(status = 200, headers = {}, body = [], default_headers: self.default_headers)

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 185
    def self.create(status = 200, headers = {}, body = [], default_headers: self.default_headers)
      headers = merge_default_headers(headers, default_headers)
      new status, headers, body
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

merge_default_headers(original, default)

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 190
    def self.merge_default_headers(original, default)
      default.respond_to?(:merge) ? default.merge(original) : original
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

new(status = 200, headers = nil, body = [])

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 197
    def initialize(status = 200, headers = nil, body = [])
      super()

      @headers = Headers.new

      headers&.each do |key, value|
        @headers[key] = value
      end

      self.body, self.status = body, status

      @cv           = new_cond
      @committed    = false
      @sending      = false
      @sent         = false

      prepare_cache_control!

      yield self if block_given?
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

Instance Public methods

abort()

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 446
    def abort
      if stream.respond_to?(:abort)
        stream.abort
      elsif stream.respond_to?(:close)
        # `stream.close` should really be reserved for a close from the other direction,
        # but we must fall back to it for compatibility.
        stream.close
      end
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

await_commit()

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 223
    def await_commit
      synchronize do
        @cv.wait_until { @committed }
      end
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

await_sent()

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 229
    def await_sent
      synchronize { @cv.wait_until { @sent } }
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

body()

Returns the content of the response as a string. This contains the contents of any calls to render.

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 369
    def body
      if @stream.respond_to?(:to_ary)
        @stream.to_ary.join
      elsif @stream.respond_to?(:body)
        @stream.body
      else
        @stream
      end
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

body=(body)

Allows you to manually set or override the response body.

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 384
    def body=(body)
      # Prevent ActionController::Metal::Live::Response from committing the response prematurely.
      synchronize do
        if body.respond_to?(:to_str)
          @stream = build_buffer(self, [body])
        elsif body.respond_to?(:to_path)
          @stream = body
        elsif body.respond_to?(:to_ary)
          @stream = build_buffer(self, body)
        else
          @stream = body
        end
      end
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

body_parts()

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 433
    def body_parts
      parts = []
      @stream.each { |x| parts << x }
      parts
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

charset()

The charset of the response. HTML wants to know the encoding of the content you’re giving them, so we need to send that along.

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 339
    def charset
      header_info = parsed_content_type_header
      header_info.charset || self.class.default_charset
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

charset=(charset)

Sets the HTTP character set. In case of nil parameter it sets the charset to default_charset.

response.charset = 'utf-16' # => 'utf-16'
response.charset = nil      # => 'utf-8'

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 328
    def charset=(charset)
      content_type = parsed_content_type_header.mime_type
      if false == charset
        set_content_type content_type, nil
      else
        set_content_type content_type, charset || self.class.default_charset
      end
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

close()

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 442
    def close
      stream.close if stream.respond_to?(:close)
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

code()

Returns a string to ensure compatibility with Net::HTTPResponse.

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 350
    def code
      @status.to_s
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

commit!()

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 233
    def commit!
      synchronize do
        before_committed
        @committed = true
        @cv.broadcast
      end
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

committed?()

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 257
    def committed?; synchronize { @committed }; end

🔎 See on GitHub

content_type()

Content type of response.

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 308
    def content_type
      super.presence
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

content_type=(content_type)

Sets the HTTP response’s content MIME type. For example, in the controller you could write this:

response.content_type = "text/html"

This method also accepts a symbol with the extension of the MIME type:

response.content_type = :html

If a character set has been defined for this response (see charset=) then the character set information will also be included in the content type information.

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 289
    def content_type=(content_type)
      case content_type
      when NilClass
        return
      when Symbol
        mime_type = Mime[content_type]
        raise ArgumentError, "Unknown MIME type #{content_type}" unless mime_type
        new_header_info = ContentTypeHeader.new(mime_type.to_s)
      else
        new_header_info = parse_content_type(content_type.to_s)
      end

      prev_header_info = parsed_content_type_header
      charset = new_header_info.charset || prev_header_info.charset
      charset ||= self.class.default_charset unless prev_header_info.mime_type
      set_content_type new_header_info.mime_type, charset
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

cookies()

Returns the response cookies, converted to a Hash of (name => value) pairs

assert_equal 'AuthorOfNewPage', r.cookies['author']

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 469
    def cookies
      cookies = {}
      if header = get_header(SET_COOKIE)
        header = header.split("\n") if header.respond_to?(:to_str)
        header.each do |cookie|
          if pair = cookie.split(";").first
            key, value = pair.split("=").map { |v| Rack::Utils.unescape(v) }
            cookies[key] = value
          end
        end
      end
      cookies
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

delete_header(key)

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 221
    def delete_header(key); @headers.delete key; end

🔎 See on GitHub

each(&block)

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 91
    def each(&block)
      sending!
      x = @stream.each(&block)
      sent!
      x
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

get_header(key)

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 219
    def get_header(key);    @headers[key];       end

🔎 See on GitHub

has_header?(key)

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 218
    def has_header?(key);   @headers.key? key;   end

🔎 See on GitHub

location

Location of the response.

Also aliased as: redirect_url

🔎 See on GitHub

location=(location)

Sets the location of the response

🔎 See on GitHub

media_type()

Media type of response.

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 313
    def media_type
      parsed_content_type_header.mime_type
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

message()

Returns the corresponding message for the current HTTP status code:

response.status = 200
response.message # => "OK"

response.status = 404
response.message # => "Not Found"

Also aliased as: status_message

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 362
    def message
      Rack::Utils::HTTP_STATUS_CODES[@status]
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

prepare!()

Alias for: to_a

redirect_url

The location header we’ll be responding with.

Alias for: location

reset_body!()

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 429
    def reset_body!
      @stream = build_buffer(self, [])
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

response_code()

The response code of the request.

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 345
    def response_code
      @status
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

send_file(path)

Send the file stored at path as the response body.

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 424
    def send_file(path)
      commit!
      @stream = FileBody.new(path)
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

sending!()

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 241
    def sending!
      synchronize do
        before_sending
        @sending = true
        @cv.broadcast
      end
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

sending?()

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 256
    def sending?;   synchronize { @sending };   end

🔎 See on GitHub

sending_file=(v)

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 317
    def sending_file=(v)
      if true == v
        self.charset = false
      end
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

sent!()

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 249
    def sent!
      synchronize do
        @sent = true
        @cv.broadcast
      end
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

sent?()

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 258
    def sent?;      synchronize { @sent };      end

🔎 See on GitHub

set_header(key, v)

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 220
    def set_header(key, v); @headers[key] = v;   end

🔎 See on GitHub

status=(status)

Sets the HTTP status code.

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 273
    def status=(status)
      @status = Response.rack_status_code(status)
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

status_message()

Alias for: message

to_a()

Turns the Response into a Rack-compatible array of the status, headers, and body. Allows explicit splatting:

status, headers, body = *response

Also aliased as: prepare!

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 460
    def to_a
      commit!
      rack_response @status, @headers.to_hash
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

write(string)

📝 Source code

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 379
    def write(string)
      @stream.write string
    end

🔎 See on GitHub

ActionDispatch::Response < Object

Action Dispatch Response

Namespace

Class

Methods

Included Modules

Constants

Attributes

Class Public methods

create(status = 200, headers = {}, body = [], default_headers: self.default_headers)

merge_default_headers(original, default)

new(status = 200, headers = nil, body = [])

Instance Public methods

abort()

await_commit()

await_sent()

body()

body=(body)

body_parts()

charset()

charset=(charset)

close()

code()

commit!()

committed?()

content_type()

content_type=(content_type)

cookies()

delete_header(key)

each(&block)

get_header(key)

has_header?(key)

location

location=(location)

media_type()

message()

prepare!()

redirect_url

reset_body!()

response_code()

send_file(path)

sending!()

sending?()

sending_file=(v)

sent!()

sent?()

set_header(key, v)

status=(status)

status_message()

to_a()

write(string)

Action Dispatch `Response`