WhereChain objects act as placeholder for queries in which where does not have any parameter. In this case, where must be chained with not to return a new relation.
Methods
Class Public methods
new(scope)
📝 Source code
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb, line 20
def initialize(scope)
@scope = scope
endInstance Public methods
not(opts, *rest)
Returns a new relation expressing WHERE + NOT condition according to the conditions in the arguments.
not accepts conditions as a string, array, or hash. See QueryMethods#where for more details on each format.
User.where.not("name = 'Jon'")
# SELECT * FROM users WHERE NOT (name = 'Jon')
User.where.not(["name = ?", "Jon"])
# SELECT * FROM users WHERE NOT (name = 'Jon')
User.where.not(name: "Jon")
# SELECT * FROM users WHERE name != 'Jon'
User.where.not(name: nil)
# SELECT * FROM users WHERE name IS NOT NULL
User.where.not(name: %w(Ko1 Nobu))
# SELECT * FROM users WHERE name NOT IN ('Ko1', 'Nobu')
📝 Source code
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb, line 44
def not(opts, *rest)
opts = sanitize_forbidden_attributes(opts)
where_clause = @scope.send(:where_clause_factory).build(opts, rest)
@scope.references!(PredicateBuilder.references(opts)) if Hash === opts
if not_behaves_as_nor?(opts)
ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(<<~MSG.squish)
NOT conditions will no longer behave as NOR in Rails 6.1.
To continue using NOR conditions, NOT each condition individually
(`#{
opts.flat_map { |key, value|
if value.is_a?(Hash) && value.size > 1
value.map { |k, v| ".where.not(#{key.inspect} => { #{k.inspect} => ... })" }
else
".where.not(#{key.inspect} => ...)"
end
}.join
}`).
MSG
@scope.where_clause += where_clause.invert(:nor)
else
@scope.where_clause += where_clause.invert
end
@scope
end